Salt Gases Essay - 776 Words

for the inclusion of gases in salt deposits are outlined shortly in the following. Fig. 2-16 shows schematically the geological conditions in marginal areas of the Zechstein basin which provided the prerequisites for the inclusion of gases: tectonic events created passage ways (fissures) through the salt sequence, allowing gases and brines to escape from their host formations below the consolidated — and therefore impermeable — salt sequences. When contacting potash beds, the brines caused alterations of the potash beds, dissolving the most soluble potash minerals and precipitating less soluble salts; as the result, carnallite was replaced by sylvite and halite. In cases where such processes extended laterally into potash beds, sylvite was†¦show more content†¦Although gas inclusions in salt rocks are extremely important in some salt and potash mining districts for their effects on mining operations, they received little attention in textbooks which are now available in English translations, e.g., Borchert and Muir (1964) and Braitsch (1971). This may be due to the fact that, at the time when the German originals were written, these matters were still under controversial discussion; see Gimm and Pforr (1964) with contributions by Obert, Ignatieff, Panek, Baar. More recent publications (e.g., Gimm, 1968) indicate that the views expressed by Baar (1954d, 1958,1962) have been generally accepted. As the formation of gas inclusions in salt rocks requires special conditions, as outlined, such inclusions are rare in salt sequences without potash salts, as no reaction salts could form. This is the reason why the salt domes of the Gulf Coast are free from gas inclusions, with the exception of some cases where gases were occluded in recrystallizing halite, or secondary halite which may have crystallized from migrating solutions due to cooling. In contrast, the salt domes of northern Europe are loaded with pockets of salt rocks with abundant gas inclusions; as a matter of fact, several potash mines were abandoned at the beginning of this century because of the problems caused by gas outbursts (Gimm, 1968, p. 553). To date, no gas inclusions have been encountered in the Prairie Evaporites, in spite ofShow MoreRelatedThe Respiratory System And The Digestive System1640 Words   |  7 Pagesbody has a smaller surface area to volume ratio in comparison to smaller organisms, which are able to gain all gases that are needed though simple diffusion, and therefore is not able to complete all of the exchanges of the materials it requires in the same way. 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Frost, By Robert Lee Frost - 1565 Words

As Robert Lee Frost, an honored American poet once said, â€Å"A poem begins as a lump in the throat, a sense of wrong, a homesickness, a lovesickness.† Frost earned respect through his expertise in colloquial language, and his descriptive interpretations of rural life. Frost often analyzed social and philosophical leitmotifs using settings from early twenty-first century New England. Frost was honored in his lifetime with four Pulitzers. Furthermore, focusing mostly on analyzing Frost’s most popular works, whilst taking you through his life, and the events that shaped his poems, To begin, Robert Lee Frost was born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco, where his parents relocated shortly after marrying. At eleven years old, Frost’s father died from tuberculosis, and shortly after Frost, his sister, and his mother moved to Massachusetts. Frost became interested in literature and poetry during his high school years at Lawrence High School, where he would graduate co -valedictorian, with the woman he would later marry. In the fall of 1892, Frost enrolled in Dartmouth College, only to return home after one semester to work various jobs. In 1984, Frost would publish his first poem, â€Å"My Butterfly: An Elegy.† As his first poem, â€Å"My Butterfly: An Elegy† truly displays Frost’s true natural talent. The poem portrays the loss of life through the form of a passing of a butterfly, compared complexly to its surroundings, including Frost himself. Reminiscing to a moment when he watched theShow MoreRelatedThe Biography of Robert Lee Frost600 Words   |  3 Pages The Biography of Robert Lee Frost Introduction: Robert Frost was described as one of the most greatest poets in the 20th century and became a sensation for poetry. Its not just his poems that interest the reader, but also his quotes can fulfill your compassion. For example, â€Å"No tears in the writer, no tears in the reader. No surprise in the writer, no surprise in the reader† written by Robert Frost. He is explaining if the reader does not feel the connection in the writers thought, the writerRead MoreThe Poetry of Robert Lee Frost810 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Poetry is when an emotion has found its thought and the thought has found words,† Robert Frost once said. As is made fairly obvious by this quote, Frost was an adroit thinker. It seems like he spent much of his life thinking about the little things. He often pondered the meaning and symbolism of things he found in nature. Many readers find Robert Frost’s poems to be straightforward, yet his work contains deeper layers of complexity beneath the surf ace. These deeper layers of complexity can be clearlyRead MoreEssay about Robert Lee Frost1452 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Lee Frost The mark of a great poet is his ability to engage the reader so that they analyse their own lives. Robert Lee Frost (1874 – 1963) – an influential American poet often associated with rural New England – is brilliant at this and uses poetry as a platform for the expression of his own general ideology. Frost’s belief that human society was often chaotic and stressful and that the meaning of life is elusive, has been promoted in his poetry. Frost looked to nature, whose undyingRead MoreBiography of Robert Lee Frost Essay650 Words   |  3 PagesBiography of Robert Lee Frost Biography of Robert Lee Frost A poem begins with a lump in the throat, a home-sickness or a love-sickness. It is a reaching-out toward expression; an effort to find fulfillment. A complete poem is one where an emotion has found its thought and the thought has found the words Robert Lee Frost once said. Robert Frost is widely admired and recognized for his literary works. He was an honored poet of the twentieth century. Frost may have lived a troubling lifeRead MoreA Brief Biography of Robert Lee Frost1119 Words   |  5 Pages Final Copy Robert Lee Frost was born March 26th 1874 in San Francisco California. He was born to parents William Prescott Frost and Isabelle Moodie. His father was a teacher and later an editor of the San Francisco Evening Bulletin, which later merged with the San Francisco Examiner, following his death on May 5, 1885, the family uprooted and moved across the country to Lawrence, Massachusetts with ‘Robert’s’ Grandfather. After graduating from Lawrence High School in 1892, Robert attended DartmouthRead MoreWhy Is Robert Lee Frost Essay1098 Words   |  5 PagesRobert Lee Frost Famous poets like William Shakespeare, Edgar Allen Poe, and Walt Whitman are some of the biggest names in poetry history, but do they get maybe a little too much attention ? Have you ever heard of Robert Lee Frost, he is one of the most famous American poets of the twentieth century. Some might even say that he is better than Edgar Allen Poe, or than William Shakespeare, because of the way he wrote his poems and stories to relate to the common people. Robert Frosts style of writingRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesTwo Roads, Two Choices, One Decision â€Å"The Road Not Taken,† written by Robert Frost, discusses a traveler who has to make a choice between two roads. In the first stanza, the traveler remembers standing at an intersection of two roads. Indecisive about which road to take, he seems to believe that one of the roads would be more beneficial to him (Lee 5). In stanza two, the narrator refers to the traveler’s unexpected decision to take the other road by giving details of it. In addition, the narratorRead MoreRobert Frost s The Gift Outright 1313 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Frost Emma Ramsey English 6th Hour December 8, 2012 â€Æ' Robert Frost According to PoetryFoundation.org, â€Å"Robert Frost holds a unique and almost isolated position in American letters.† Robert Frost is very popular for his realistic writings of rural life. He was a great poet and was honored frequently during his lifetime. Frost received four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry and recited his poem, â€Å"The Gift Outright,† at President John F. Kennedy’s inauguration in January 1961 which got him nationalRead MoreAn Analysis of Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken1800 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Introduction Robert Frost is one of the best known poets in American history, and his poem, The Road Not Taken is among the most well-known of all his poems. Frost places a great deal of emphasis on nature in his writing, as he was a lover of the countryside. He based many of his poems on the New England scenery, which was his home for most of his life. I chose this particular poem because I have enjoyed the readings we have done so far of his work and The RoadRead More Robert Frost Essay559 Words   |  3 Pages Robert Frost nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Robert Lee Frost, was one of America’s leading 20th Century poets, and a four time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. Frost did not receive these recognitions until his later years when his poetic brilliance was finally recognized. â€Å"Frost was a pioneer in the interplay of rhythm and meter†( Waggoner 1). Frost’s brilliance was contributed by many things; including his life, career, and literary works. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Robert Frost was born on March

Machiavellis View Of Human Nature Essay Example For Students

Machiavellis View Of Human Nature Essay Machiavellis View of Human NatureIn The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli presents a view of governing a state that isdrastically different from that of humanists of his time. Machiavelli believesthe ruling Prince should be the sole authority determining every aspect of thestate and put in effect a policy which would serve his best interests. Theseinterests were gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power.1 Hisunderstanding of human nature was a complete contradiction of what humanistsbelieved and taught. Machiavelli strongly promoted a secular society and feltmorality was not necessary but in fact stood in the way of an effectivelygoverned principality.2 Though in come cases Machiavellis suggestions seemharsh and immoral one must remember that these views were derived out of concernItalys unstable political condition.3Though humanists of Machiavellis time believed that an individual had much tooffer to the well being of the state, Machiavelli was quick to mock human nature. Humanists believed that An individual only grows to maturity- bothintellectually and morally-through participation in the life of the state.4Machiavelli generally distrusted citizens, stating that in time of adversity,when the state is in need of its citizens there are few to be found.5Machiavelli further goes on to question the loyalty of the citizens and advisesthe Prince that because men a wretched creatures who would not keep theirword to you, you need keep your word to them.6 However, Machiavelli did notfeel that a Prince should mistreat the citizens. This suggestion once again toserve the Princes best interests. If a prince can not be both feared and loved, Machiavelli suggests, it would bebetter for him to be feared bey the citizens within his own principality. Hemakes the generalization that men are, ungrateful, fickle, liars, anddeceivers, they shun danger and are greedy for profit; while you treat them wellthey are yours.7 He characterizes men as being self centered and not willingto act in the best interest of the state,and when the prince is in dangerthey turn against him.8 Machiavelli reinforces the princes need to befeared by stating:Men worry less about doing an injury to one who makes himself loved than toone who makeshimself feared. The bond of love is one which men, wretched creatures theyare, breakwhen it is to their advantage to do so; but fear is strengthened by a dread ofpunishmentwhich is always effective.9In order to win honor, Machaivelli suggests that a prince must be readilywilling to deceive the citizens. One way is to show his esteem for talentactively encouraging the able and honouring those who excel in theirprofessionsso that they can go peaceably about their business.10 Byencouraging citizens to excel at their professions he would also be encouragingthem to increase the prosperity of the their state.11 These measures,though carried out in deception, would bring the prince honor and trust amongstthe citizens, especially those who were in the best positions to oppose him. Machiavelli postulates that a prince must also deceive those who attempt toflatter him. In choosing wise men for his government and allowing those the freedom tospeak thetruth to him, and then only concerning matters on which he asks their opinion,and nothingelse. But he should also question them toughly and listen to what they say;then heshould make up his own mind.12Since each person will only advice the prince in accord to his own interests,the prince must act on his own accord. Machiavelli discourages action to takenotherwise since men will always do badly by the prince unless they areforced to be virtuous.13 Machiavelli actively promoted a secular form ofpolitics. He laid aside the Medieval conception of the state as a necessarycreation for humankinds spiritual, material, and social well-being.14 In sucha state,a ruler was justified in his exercise of political power only if itcontributed to the common good of the people he served, and the ethical sideof a princes activityought to be based on Christian moral principles.15Machiavelli believed a secular form of gover nment to be a more realistic type. A Day at the Races EssayHis views were to the benefit of the prince, in helping him maintain powerrather than to serve to the well being of the citizens. Machiavelli promotedhis belief by stating:The fact is that a man who wants to act virtuously in every way necessarilycomes to griefamong those who are not virtuous. Therefore, if a prince wants to maintainhis rule hemust learn not to be so virtuous, and to make use of this or not according toneed.16Machiavellis was that, God does not want to do everything Himself, and takeaway from us our free will and our share of glory which belongs us.17Having studied and experienced Italys political situation, Machiavelli derivedthese views. He felt that his suggestions would provide a frame work for afuture prince of Italy to bring about political stability. Machiavelli writes:Italy is waiting to see who can be the one to heal her wounds, put and end tothe sackingof Lombardy, to extortion in the Kingdom and in Tuscany, and cleanse thosesores whichhave been festering so long. See how Italy beseeches God to send someone tosave her fromthose barbarous cruelties and outrages; see how eager and willing the countryis to followa banner, if someone will raise it.18Although Italy had become the center of intellectual, artistic and culturaldevelopment, Machiavelli did not feel these qualities would help in securingItalys political future. His opinion was that Italy required a leader whocould have complete control over Italys citizens and institutions. One way ofmaintaining control of was to institute a secular form of government. Thiswould allow the prince to govern without being morally bound. Machiavellisview of human nature was not in accord to that of humanists who felt that anindividual could greatly contribute to the well being of the society. Machiavelli, however felt that people generally tended to work for their ownbest interests and gave little obligation to the well being of the state. Although Machiavelli doubted that this form of government could ever beestablished it did appear several years after he wrote The Prince. Machiavellihas become to be regarded as the founder of modern day, secular politics.19rCategory: History

Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy Essay Example

Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy Essay Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy Name: Course: Lecturer: We will write a custom essay sample on Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Institution: Date: Solution Focused and Narrative Therapy Introduction In the field of psychology, therapeutic theories have been developed, by scholars, to help in healing people. However, some of them are quite similar, while others are different. The main aim of the theories is to offer help psychologist offer diagnosis to patients. There are two theories, solution focused theory and narrative therapy theory, which are of significant help in the field of psychology. These two theories were developed for treating patients who suffer from different emotional problems. Therefore, when the two theories are analyzed a comparison can be made with the system theory. Discussion Solution Focus Theory Solution focus theory can be described as a form of therapy that concentrates more on seeking solutions for the patients rather than finding the problem with the patients. This means that when patients are being treated the psychologists do not concentrate on the problems affecting the patients. Instead, they concentrated on those activities that are helping the patient’s life. These activities are meant to add value to the patient’s life and not destroying it, where Bryan (2009) says, â€Å"Solutions-Focused Therapy does not emphasize problems; rather, the emphasis is on identifying things within the helpee’s life that are working well and using them as a basis to empower the helpee.† Therefore, solution focused theory concentrates more on solutions rather than problems. Major Concepts There are three major concepts of solution focus theory. The first concept states that ‘if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it’ (Bryan 2009). In this concept, the theory encourages psychologists to concentrate on the activities a patient uses to overcome a problem. It mean that, â€Å"this relates to a rule that if the helpee is not complaining about something, do not delve into an issue,† (Bryan, 2009). On the other hand, it discourages psychologist to find solutions to problems. This is where therapists are not supposed to concentrate on those issues affecting the patient. In this case, during a therapy sessions, psychologists tries to highlight those activities a patient was using correctly to solve the problem. Using this concept, patients are easily cured as they concentrate more on what is helping them to solve their problems. The second concept of solution focus theory is more of a continuation from the first concept. It states that ‘once you know what works, do more of it’ (Bryan, 2009). In this concept, therapists are always encouraged to find those activities done correctly by the patient. After they have analyzed and identified them, therapists should encourage patients to take them more often since they have already proved that they work well. It means, â€Å"†¦therapeutic work should be focused on identifying times when the problem is not happening,† (Bryan, 2009). Moreover, these activities should be repeated continuously by the patient for them to work effectively. In reality, therapists should focus on the areas moving on well and not areas that have problems. In the end, the areas moving on well will solve those areas or activities that are not working well. The third concept states that ‘If it does not work, then do not do it again, do something different’ (Bryan, 2009). This concept is very simple because even the patient can be able to follow through easily. In this case, patients at all times should be encouraged to analyze those activities that work for them and those that do not. After a clear analysis, they should not dwell on the activities that do not work. Instead, they should continue performing those activities that work for them. When they continue to avoid the wrong activities and taking those that work for them, they eventually become healed. â€Å"the general idea with this concept is to assist the helpee to discover what works well in her life, †¦ and also discover what does not work well and discontinue those activities †¦,† (Bryan, 2009). Goals There are three main goals of the three towards helping the patient in heals quickly. The first goal is reducing the conflicts where patients think that they ought to do an activity differently to solve their problems yet they have the solution. The second goal of the theory is to help patients stop thinking about their problems and start thinking about solutions. The third goal of the concept is helping patients create achievable goals in their lives rather than creating goals that are not achievable. Narrative Therapy Narrative therapy can be described as a theory in therapy where the patients are encouraged to look back on various experiences to search for solutions to their problems. In this situation, psychologists are expected to evaluate experiences narrated by their patients to establish where mistakes are and solve the mistakes. Additionally, they evaluate those experiences that help patients and encourage their patients to follow them (Nichols, 2011). Therefore, this theory focuses on the experiences of the patients to find solutions to patient’s problems. â€Å"The narrative metaphor focuses on how experience generates expectations and how expectations shape experience through the creation of organizing stories,† (Nichols, 2011) Major Concepts There is one major concept of this theory. This concept states that people past events helps in shaping present behaviors of the people. This concept means that problems can be derived from patients and not from the old interpretation where patients do not believe they are part of the problem. According to this concept, patients are led to change their notion that problems just arise from nowhere. Therefore, using their experiences they are able to establish what could have caused the problem and try to rectify the problem. With this in mind, psychologists can help their patients to solve whatever problem they may be affecting them. Expanding these concepts, human beings come across many experiences in their lives. In their experiences, humans are the ones to choose those experiences to follow and those experiences to do away with. As a result, they end up building their behaviors and characters in the end. From the interpretations developed by humans based on experiences might be positive or negative. Those who choose negative views end up suffering along since they only view future events negatively. Using this concept of the theory, there interpretation can be changed for a positive future thus solving the problem. Finally, this concept establishes that patients are not the problem but behaviors portrayed by them. For instance, a patient might always have a negative attitude towards a certain activity due to experiences with the activity. However, this activity might be of great help to him or her if embraced properly. This shows that the character that has been built in the patients mind is presuming to be a problem since it is deterring him or her to stop achieving the benefit of the activity. In this case, the concept clearly puts the blame on the behaviors rather than the patients thus reducing stress on the patient. Goals The main goals of this theory are based on the psychologists understanding the story line of patients to establish where the problem. For this reason, the first goal of this theory is to assists patients to construct new positive stories that will help them solve their problems. In this situation, psychologists help patients to construct positive thoughts. The second goal of the theory is to deconstruct the lives of the patients. This is where the patients are surrounded by too many negative thoughts and attitudes and they need to change. In this case, therapists are expected to help patients change those discouraging thoughts with encouraging thoughts. Lastly, the theory aims at externalizing problems. This is where patients, with the help of a therapist, establish instances they were able to resist negative thoughts with positive thoughts. Differences between Solution Focus and Narrative Theory with System Theory Based on the two theories, they both emphasis on solutions rather than the problem. For instance, in solution focus theory, therapists are supposed to encourage their patients to perform those activities that help them thus reinforcing their solutions. Similarly, narrative therapy entails using experiences to find solutions that will solve the patient problems. When these two theories are compared to the systems theory, the situation is different. System theory focuses on the problems for solutions. This is where a patient is expected to evaluate where he or she is going wrong based on a group for the purposes of finding new ways to solve the problem (Nichols, 2011). The other difference with these theories is that systems theory uses a group to find solution for the problems. On the other hand, Solution focus theory and narrative theory, only need to use one patient to come with a solution. For instance, in system theory, patient’s behaviors are observed on a group context for easier analysis. After observation, therapists can now come up with a conclusive solution of solving the problem. In the other two theories, therapists only need their patients to evaluate where the problems are and find solutions to these problems. Finally, all the theories have a similarity in them. This is where they are all applicable in a family setting. This means that are applied to treating patients in a family to strengthen their relationship with the other members of the family. For instance, solution focus theory helps the patients understand what he or she is supposed to be doing to strengthen the family ties rather than breaking them. Narrative theory establishes those experiences that were positive towards the family thus encouraging the patient to dwell on them leading to the strengthening of the family. Lastly, system theory establishes where a patient goes wrong in a family context and creates new behaviors that will reinforce the family. Conclusion Therapeutic theories are mostly based on understanding the human behavior for the purposes of coming up with solutions to solve their problems. There are two theories, solution focus theory and narrative, that helps solve family problems. These theories are extremely distinct from the other theories because they only concentrate on the solutions rather than the problems to solve the problems. It may sound complicated but the two theories have proved to be effective in the field of psychology. References Nicholas, M. P. (2011). Essentials of family Therapy. New York, NY: Pearson. Understanding Family Therapy. The Professional Helper